Medium

Metal Detector (Simple LC Oscillator)

A large coil, used as a "search coil," shifts an LC oscillator's frequency when metal disturbs its magnetic field — the principle behind any basic metal detector.

Circuit Diagram

+9V SEARCH COIL (L) C ceramic 100pF Q BC547 B ← feedback C E → small R → GND bias R C feedback Metal near the coil shifts the LC frequency — listen with an AM radio nearby

How to Build It

  1. Build an LC oscillator using the power inductor as the inductive element, in parallel with a ceramic capacitor.
  2. Connect this assembly to a BC547 transistor's collector, with base bias through a resistor.
  3. Connect a small feedback capacitor from the collector to the base, to sustain oscillation.
  4. Connect the emitter to GND through a small resistor.
  5. Power the circuit and use a nearby AM radio as a frequency detector — pass a metal object near the coil and listen for the static tone changing.

Bill of Materials

ProductCodeQty
SMD power inductor 744771133 1
Capacitor (electrolytic/ceramic/SMD/film) #N/A 1
Capacitor (electrolytic/ceramic/SMD/film) CC-100 1
Resistor DR47K-8/9 1
Transistor (incl. IGBT) 1
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